The answer is NO. An ordinary pillow is too small. During a crash or emergency it could easily slip forward or become flat, causing the child to slip out of the belt. Moreover, a regular pillow will not hold the safety fastening belt in the correct position.

When the child is 150 cm tall, aged 12 and weighs 36 kg.

The height of the child is the decisive factor here.

If the child weighs 36 kg, but his or her height is less than 150 cm, they HAVE TO use the automobile safety seat, or a booster. 

If the child is 150 cm tall, but aged less than 12, they can use the regular adult vehicle safety seat belt.

First and foremost, you should rely on yourself, and your own automobile child safety seat. You should not rely upon on the transport operator. After all, it’s your  precious child ! If you do not own your own seat, or it is unavailable at the moment, choose a taxi operator that provides such a service.

According to the ECE R 44/04 safety standard for child car seats, the inner 5 point harness must be used for group 1 of the seat. The weight of a child for group 1 is from 9 to 18 kg. When a child weighs more than 18 kg, the harness shouldn’t be used.

If the back seat of your car is equipped with three sets of fastening seat belts, the safest place in such a vehicle is in the middle of the back seat. 

This is the safest position, as the car body sides which may crumple during a crash are located far from the middle back seat. 

In other types of cars, the safest position is behind the driver. This is because during a head-on crash, he or she will instinctively move their body to avoid the point of impact. Consequently the child will have a lower probability of injury.